Nouns-Kinds of Nouns-English Grammar Notes with Explanation and Exercises

Saif Ullah Zahid
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Nouns

A noun is a word used to name places, things, and people, e.g. ‘house’, ‘tree’, ‘child’, ‘water’, ‘teacher’, etc.

Kinds of Nouns

Nouns can be classified into following kinds.

1. Proper Nouns

Word denoting to the names of particular places or people are called proper nouns. These are the names of persons or things that their owners/guardians or people have specified for their unique identity.
Examples: The Indus is the largest river in Pakistan.
Akram went to US last year.

2. Common Nouns

Words denoting to the persons or things of the same kind or class are called common nouns. These nouns name the general class of the things or person. They do not denote to a specific thing or person.
Examples: This chair is broken.
She silently went into the room.
There are five rivers in Pakistan.
Sometimes common nouns are further classified into two categories, viz. concrete nouns and abstract nouns.

Concrete nouns

Words that refer to the things that we can see, touch and feel are concrete nouns.
Example: The girl sat on a bench reading a book.

Abstract nouns

Nouns that refer to things that we cannot touch or see are abstract nouns. These nouns also include names of a quality, state, or concept, e.g. ‘honesty’ (quality), ‘sickness’, ‘childhood’, ‘poverty’ (state), ‘thought’, and ‘love’ (concept).
Examples: her affection for him did not wane through sickness and pain.

3. Collective Nouns

A collection, group of people or things of the same kind are named using collective nouns, e.g. ‘class’, ‘team’, ‘army’, ‘government’, ‘bunch’, etc.
Example: The herd of cattle was chased by a pack of wolves.

4. Material Nouns

Names of material or substances used for making things are called material nouns.
Example: Buildings are made of steel, concrete, and wood.

Exercise-1

Identify the nouns and say what kind they are.
1. Truthfulness and honesty are essential requirements for a sound character.
2. Childhood is a time of joy and freedom.
3. Mr. Akbar, my neighbor, works in a factory.
4. Love for humanity is the greatest religion of all.
5. A student team will play a match against the staff.

Countable and Uncountable Nouns

Countable nouns are the names of objects, people, etc. that we can count, e.g. ‘book’, ‘pen’, ‘girl’, ‘parent’. Countable nouns have plural forms.

Uncountable nouns are the names of things which we cannot count rather we measure their quantity with some proper scale, e.g. ‘milk’, ‘sugar’, ‘time’, ‘gold’. They mainly denote substances and abstract things. Uncountable nouns do not have plurals.

Exercise-2

Fill in the blanks with the nouns formed from the words in brackets.
1. _____________demands that you tender an___________ at once. (decent, apologize)
2. The army plays a significant role in the ____________ and ______________ for our motherland. (protect, defend)
3 .It is better to display_____________ rather than______________ in most matters. (prudent, ignorant)
4. The famine led to widespread____________and _________________. (stave, die)

5. Abraham Lincoln brought about freedom from _________and ______________. (bond, slave)

The End

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